I graduated with my PhD in philosophy from Penn in 2025, and with my BA from Youngstown State University in 2020. I currently teach part-time in the Penn philosophy department, and I am a full time postdoctoral fellow with David Enoch's "Liberalism Rekindled" Project. My research is in social and political philosophy. I am particularly interested in the obligations people (both citizens and non-citizens) owe to the state and what the state owes them, especially in light of structural harms the state imposes on certain communities. Currently, I'm working on territorial authority and how the state exercises authority over geographical areas.  Outside of my own research, I coach Penn's undergraduate ethics bowl team. I have also coached at several high schools in Philadelphia.